内约束方钢管混凝土柱抗震性能研究          下载免费PDF全文

张涛  史科  薛茹  刘崇旺  赵辉川  尹奕翔 《世界地震工程》2022,38(4):095-102

由于方钢管对混凝土约束作用较弱,地震作用下方钢管混凝土柱底部钢管易出现屈曲,因此本文提出一种新型内约束方钢管混凝土柱。基于ABAQUS有限元软件,本文采用合理的材料本构模型建立内约束方钢管混凝土柱三维实体精细有限元模型,该模型能准确反应钢管、混凝土以及拉筋之间的相互作用,又能反应拟静力作用下混凝土的塑性损伤和钢材的循环硬化规律。有限元结果与试验结果吻合良好。首先,在此基础上笔选出最佳内约束形式,对拉箍筋方钢管混凝土柱的抗震性能明显优于圆环箍筋;其次,提出在不同轴压比下内约束方钢管混凝土柱的焊接拉筋最佳布置长度和合理体积配箍率;再次,探讨不同参数对内约束方钢管混凝土柱滞回性能的影响,结果表明:提高截面含钢率和长细比能有效改善组合柱的极限承载力,而轴压比在一定范围内有利于能提高柱的承载力;最后,讨论了约束措施对内约束方钢管混凝土柱耗能性能的影响。  相似文献   

双排隔振屏障对振动波的阻隔作用及动力响应分析          下载免费PDF全文

刘晶磊      张业荣      张冲冲      周玮浩     《世界地震工程》2022,38(3):162-170

本文采用模拟试验的方法,对分层土地基中双排隔振屏障对振动波的动力响应进行了探讨,并研究了桩长与土层分界面位置关系、激振频率对其隔振效果的影响作用,得出结论:（1）屏障前振动强度远大于屏障后振动强度,并随着振源距、激振频率、桩长的增加而下降,且屏障前出现明显振动增强现象,在激振频率80 Hz时产生振动峰值,振动强度在高频时基本稳定,继续增加激振频率,振动强度并不会发生明显变化。（2）屏障后中线左右2倍桩长范围内为整个隔振区域的薄弱区,其他区域则由包络线围成一个封闭有效隔振区。（3）屏障对中频和高频有更好的隔振效果,且桩长越大有效隔振面积越大,当桩长超过土层分界面时,有效隔振面积可达到53.25%～69.78%,但此时有效隔振面积增幅由原来的14.29%下降到11.64%,增幅降低了约3%。（4）未设屏障区振动强度较小,随激振频率小范围内浮动,在激振频率为30 Hz和80 Hz时取得振动峰值,且随着屏障布置方向减小,即靠近屏障一侧振动强度较强,远离屏障一侧振动强度较弱。  相似文献   

针对应急救援的强余震特征统计          下载免费PDF全文

管丽倩    戴君武    杨永强    许德峰   《世界地震工程》2022,38(3):212-220

大地震后强余震活跃,震后快速判断最大余震震级和强余震发生可能性对提高应急救援效率有重大意义。针对震后应急救援,本文根据救援存活率将震后救援期分为8个时段:震后12 h、震后24 h、震后48 h、震后72 h、震后96 h、震后120 h、震后144 h和震后168 h。对我国大陆地区1966年以来6级及以上地震强余震资料进行分时段统计,分别拟合出8个时段的最大余震震级和主震震级的经验公式;并提出震后强余震发生可能性的经验判断方法,通过本文提出的可能性指数a,依据主震震级,震后可以快速判定强余震发生的可能性。  相似文献   

Line-of-Sight Anisotropies in the Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization 21-cm Power Spectrum     

Suman?MajumdarEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile  Kanan?K.?Datta  Raghunath?Ghara  Rajesh?Mondal  T.?Roy?Choudhury  Somnath?Bharadwaj  Sk.?Saiyad?Ali  Abhirup?Datta 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》2016,37(4):32

The line-of-sight direction in the redshifted 21-cm signal coming from the cosmic dawn and the epoch of reionization is quite unique in many ways compared to any other cosmological signal. Different unique effects, such as the evolution history of the signal, non-linear peculiar velocities of the matter etc. will imprint their signature along the line-of-sight axis of the observed signal. One of the major goals of the future SKA-LOW radio interferometer is to observe the cosmic dawn and the epoch of reionization through this 21-cm signal. It is thus important to understand how these various effects affect the signal for its actual detection and proper interpretation. For more than one and half decades, various groups in India have been actively trying to understand and quantify the different line-of-sight effects that are present in this signal through analytical models and simulations. In many ways the importance of this sub-field under 21-cm cosmology have been identified, highlighted and pushed forward by the Indian community. In this article, we briefly describe their contribution and implication of these effects in the context of the future surveys of the cosmic dawn and the epoch of reionization that will be conducted by the SKA-LOW.  相似文献   

Secular tidal changes in lunar orbit and Earth rotation     

James?G.?WilliamsEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile  Dale?H.?Boggs 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2016,126(1-3):89-129

Small tidal forces in the Earth–Moon system cause detectable changes in the orbit. Tidal energy dissipation causes secular rates in the lunar mean motion n, semimajor axis a, and eccentricity e. Terrestrial dissipation causes most of the tidal change in n and a, but lunar dissipation decreases eccentricity rate. Terrestrial tidal dissipation also slows the rotation of the Earth and increases obliquity. A tidal acceleration model is used for integration of the lunar orbit. Analysis of lunar laser ranging (LLR) data provides two or three terrestrial and two lunar dissipation parameters. Additional parameters come from geophysical knowledge of terrestrial tides. When those parameters are converted to secular rates for orbit elements, one obtains dn/dt = \(-25.97\pm 0.05 ''/\)cent\(^{2}\), da/dt = 38.30 ± 0.08 mm/year, and di/dt = ?0.5 ± 0.1 \(\upmu \)as/year. Solving for two terrestrial time delays and an extra de/dt from unspecified causes gives \(\sim \) \(3\times 10^{-12}\)/year for the latter; solving for three LLR tidal time delays without the extra de/dt gives a larger phase lag of the N2 tide so that total de/dt = \((1.50 \pm 0.10)\times 10^{-11}\)/year. For total dn/dt, there is \(\le \)1 % difference between geophysical models of average tidal dissipation in oceans and solid Earth and LLR results, and most of that difference comes from diurnal tides. The geophysical model predicts that tidal deceleration of Earth rotation is \(-1316 ''\)/cent\(^{2}\) or 87.5 s/cent\(^{2}\) for UT1-AT, a 2.395 ms/cent increase in the length of day, and an obliquity rate of 9 \(\upmu \)as/year. For evolution during past times of slow recession, the eccentricity rate can be negative.  相似文献   

Quantification of parametric uncertainty of ANN models with GLUE method for different streamflow dynamics   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Hakan?TongalEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile  Martijn?J.?Booij 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2017,31(4):993-1010

This study describes the parametric uncertainty of artificial neural networks (ANNs) by employing the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) method. The ANNs are used to forecast daily streamflow for three sub-basins of the Rhine Basin (East Alpine, Main, and Mosel) having different hydrological and climatological characteristics. We have obtained prior parameter distributions from 5000 ANNs in the training period to capture the parametric uncertainty and subsequently 125,000 correlated parameter sets were generated. These parameter sets were used to quantify the uncertainty in the forecasted streamflow in the testing period using three uncertainty measures: percentage of coverage, average relative length, and average asymmetry degree. The results indicated that the highest uncertainty was obtained for the Mosel sub-basin and the lowest for the East Alpine sub-basin mainly due to hydro-climatic differences between these basins. The prediction results and uncertainty estimates of the proposed methodology were compared to the direct ensemble and bootstrap methods. The GLUE method successfully captured the observed discharges with the generated prediction intervals, especially the peak flows. It was also illustrated that uncertainty bands are sensitive to the selection of the threshold value for the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency measure used in the GLUE method by employing the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test.  相似文献   

Improving at-site flood frequency analysis with additional spatial information: a probabilistic regional envelope curve approach     

Daryl?LamEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile  Chris?Thompson  Jacky?Croke 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2017,31(8):2011-2031

Extreme flood events have detrimental effects on society, the economy and the environment. Widespread flooding across South East Queensland in 2011 and 2013 resulted in the loss of lives and significant cost to the economy. In this region, flood risk planning and the use of traditional flood frequency analysis (FFA) to estimate both the magnitude and frequency of the 1-in-100 year flood is severely limited by short gauging station records. On average, these records are 42 years in Eastern Australia and many have a poor representation of extreme flood events. The major aim of this study is to test the application of an alternative method to estimate flood frequency in the form of the Probabilistic Regional Envelope Curve (PREC) approach which integrates additional spatial information of extreme flood events. In order to better define and constrain a working definition of an extreme flood, an Australian Envelope Curve is also produced from available gauging station data. Results indicate that the PREC method shows significant changes to the larger recurrence intervals (≥100 years) in gauges with either too few, or too many, extreme flood events. A decision making process is provided to ascertain when this method is preferable for FFA.  相似文献   

设计反应谱标定方法的研究现状与讨论          下载免费PDF全文

蒋晓涵  薄景山    王竞  韩昕  郭晓云  赵培培  谭启迪 《世界地震工程》2018,34(4):038-48

设计反应谱及其标定方法的研究是工程抗震研究领域的基本问题之一。在现有研究成果的基础上，归纳和总结了设计反应谱及其标定方法的研究历史和现状；评述了研究进程中的若干节点问题；介绍了设计反应谱的标定原理和当前几种有代表性的设计反应谱的标定方法；分析了设计反应谱标定参数的影响因素。在此基础上，对设计反应谱及其标定方法研究中的强震资料积累问题、谱形状问题、标定参数的确定问题以及标定方法等问题进行了讨论并提出了改进和进一步研究的建议。  相似文献   

西藏典型单层混凝土砌块房屋打包带加固抗震试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

孙柏涛  黄佩蒂  姚新强  周强 《世界地震工程》2018,34(1):040-50

本文以振动台试验方式研究了打包带加固对西藏典型单层混凝土砌块房屋抗震性能的影响，同时考虑了结构平面布置、抗震设防及砌筑质量三个因素。选取3种西藏地区民居的经典户型制作了7个1∶3缩尺模型进行振动台试验，模型分别为3个无打包带加固模型、3个有打包带加固模型以及1个加固一半的模型。试验结果表明打包带加固墙体能明显提高墙体的整体性，减轻墙体震损；无打包带加固但砌筑质量好的单层民居抗震能力较好，基本满足当地9度设防的要求；高烈度下平面布置不规则的结构容易因扭转作用而发生破坏，圈梁、构造柱也在高烈度下发挥较大作用。打包带加固技术作为一种经济实用的加固技术可在西藏地区进行推广。  相似文献   

小跨高比带楼板半通缝连梁抗震性能有限元分析          下载免费PDF全文

张超  陈向上  于德湖 《世界地震工程》2018,34(1):051-62

为了缓解联肢剪力墙中小跨高比连梁发生低延性的剪切破坏，增强连梁的变形和耗能能力，可在单连梁中轴线位置设置半通缝并配置交叉斜筋，形成半通缝连梁。本文完成了的对7种连梁的模拟，分析了在小跨高比、低周反复荷载作用条件下不同类型带楼板连梁的承载力、变形能力、刚度退化和耗能能力以及不同跨高比、不同开缝位置对带楼板半通缝连梁抗震性能的影响。结果表明:楼板会使半通缝连梁的剪压比增大，延性下降；但相比于普通连梁和双连梁，半通缝连梁具有较好的变形能力和承载力，可在实际中推广。  相似文献